Venezuelans in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: A Development Opportunity

This report provides a detailed socioeconomic profile of Venezuelans in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It uses national household survey data to compare the profiles of Venezuelans with those of people in each host country, in order to shed light on contentious issues. It also describes the way Venezuelans perceive the migration process, including the discrimination they experience and the degree of integration into various social activities.

Detailed socioeconomic profiles of Venezuelans and host communities were obtained from recent household surveys of both populations in each country. For Venezuelans, the report combines data from household, migration, and high frequency surveys, collected mostly over the phone. For host communities (except Ecuador), official national household surveys conducted close in time to the other surveys were used; when feasible, the sample was restricted to areas where migrants are concentrated. 

The methods and timing of the surveys were not identical across countries. For Ecuador, the surveys were administered simultaneously by phone. In Chile, the surveys were conducted close in time but through different methods (by phone for Venezuelans and face-to-face for hosts). In Colombia and Peru, the surveys of hosts were conducted a few months before the surveys of Venezuelans, in the context of a robust economic recovery, which may have resulted in less favorable labor outcomes for hosts. In Colombia, the survey of Venezuelans was conducted over the phone and the host survey in person. In Peru, both surveys were implemented in person.